Moms' Health Must Improve So Kids' Brains Can Compete In Digital Future: World Bank

COPENHAGEN (Thomson Reuters Foundation) – Countries which fail to invest in young women’s health will be left behind because the underdeveloped brains of their children will not be equipped to compete in an increasingly complex, digital world, the head of the World Bank said on Wednesday.

Jim Yong Kim said childhood stunting, which impairs cognitive ability, was a “great unrecognized disaster happening in the world right now”.

He said when finance ministers approach the World Bank for loans they say they are not going to use the money for women and children, but for hard infrastructure like roads and energy.

“What we are now telling them is look to the future … it is digital, digital, digital. The most important infrastructure you can invest in could be gray matter infrastructure … and it starts with a healthy girl,” Kim told Women Deliver, a major women’s health and rights conference.

He said a quarter of children worldwide were stunted, 32 percent in India and 45 percent in Pakistan.

Health experts say the first 1,000 days of a baby’s life from conception are critical for physical and mental development.

Women who delay pregnancy, space their births and receive proper nutrition and healthcare before, during and after pregnancy are more likely to have healthier, stronger children.

Kim said brain scans showed that young children who don’t have sufficient nutrition or stimulation in their early years have fewer neural connections which impacts their cognitive potential.

“For every country in the world looking at a future that’s going to … require huge amounts of digital competence we are now saying to these governments how are you going to walk into the future with 45 percent stunting.

“How are you going to compete in the future when 45 percent … of your future workers actually don’t have as many neurone connections as the others do.”

Kim said countries must ensure that girls do not have babies too young and that expectant mothers have access to healthcare.

“We have to take care of those children … in the first five years as if they are the most precious infrastructure you could ever buy,” he said to applause.

 

“GIVE THE MONEY TO WOMEN”

Kim said although maternal mortality rates had come down they were still far too high – one in 26 women in sub-Saharan Africa is at risk of dying during childbirth over her lifetime. In Europe it is one in 9,400.

“No woman should die in childbirth and we still have a huge problem. We’re making progress but not enough,” he added.

He said investing in women’s health, education and economic empowerment was crucial for ending global poverty and the World Bank would be making special investments to address the high numbers of girls dropping out in secondary school.

Kim said conditional cash transfers were a highly effective way for reducing poverty, but they were far more effective if the money was given to women rather than men.

“We’ve learnt over and over again with these programs that if you give it to the men the outcomes are much worse than if you give it to the women … Let me say, anyone wanting to try this, give it to the women.”

Increasing the availability of childcare and women’s access to bank accounts and technology, were also critical, the conference heard.

Some 5,500 delegates from over 160 countries are attending Women Deliver in Copenhagen which ends on Thursday.

(Editing by Ros Russell; Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, which covers humanitarian news, women’s rights, trafficking, corruption and climate change. Visit news.trust.org to see more stories.)

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Are Hospitals Too Late to the Urgent Care Game?

Treatment at your convenience? Expanded hours? Quick visits? Lower costs? Good customer service? All potential reasons to visit your nearest urgent care center (if need be, of course!). There, health-care providers will attend to your non-life-threatening injury or illness, helping you to avoid a crowded emergency room or, perhaps, helping you to avoid an inordinate amount of time waiting for an appointment with your primary care physician.

Free-standing urgent care centers have been around for a while and many services are covered by insurance networks, while being promoted by employers, administrators, and insurance carriers as a cost-effective and convenient way to seek medical treatment. The increased demand for high-quality, convenient, and non-critical medical care is contributing to their continued growth. A 2010 Health Affairs study found that 13 – 27% of all emergency department visits could take place at an urgent care center or a retail clinic.

Although some experts warn that patients who use urgent care centers may not establish or maintain a relationship with a primary care doctor who can provide personalized care and monitor health issues such as chronic illness over time, The Urgent Care Association of America (UCAOA) reports that 66% of patients have an outside primary care physician.

Most urgent care centers, which have physicians on staff and operate on a walk-in basis, offer wait times of 30 minutes or less, versus an average wait of four hours for an emergency room (ER) visit, while the average cost of an urgent care center visit is $150 compared with $1,354 for an ER visit. The centers are usually open evenings and weekends when doctors’ offices are typically closed. They have X-rays, lab tests, and other diagnostic equipment and can treat minor common medical illnesses and injuries such as sprains, animal bites, minor burns, and respiratory infections.

UCAOA reports there are 7,100 full-service urgent care centers in the country. According to a UCAOA report, 22% are owned by hospitals, 15% are joint ventures with hospitals, and 19% are corporate-owned entities.

What is new in the last several years is the increase in the number of urgent care centers affiliated with hospitals. Seeing the benefits in offering urgent care as a way to fill the need between emergency care and primary care, hospital systems and insurance companies have purchased urgent care centers in a series of mergers and acquisitions, while some health systems have partnered with independent facilities. Urgent care can improve access to care and help alleviate emergency department overcrowding. Integrating such services into their operations allows patients who need follow-up care to see a specialist in the health system. Hospitals can, also, steer patients from crowded emergency rooms to an affiliated urgent care center nearby if it isn’t a true emergency. For doctors, it helps eliminate non-emergency cases from emergency rooms, leaving ER doctors free to focus on critical cases.

Will an urgent care center tied to a larger hospital system improve the patient experience? Do patients have more confidence in urgent care facilities that are associated with hospital systems versus those that are not?

According to a Wall Street Journal article, patients, especially those over 50, like urgent care centers connected to a larger system. Urgent care centers connected to a health system offer the dual benefit of convenient care and some assurance that they can be quickly transferred to an emergency room or referred to a primary care doctor or specialist. They may, also, like the familiarity of a facility being associated with a brand-name hospital, and, also, favor that their visits can go directly into their medical records already, perhaps, maintained with the hospital system. Being connected to a larger system where their regular doctor may practice and where urgent care visits can become part of their medical record is a much more convenient and seamless transaction.

Certainly, owning and operating urgent care facilities is a way for hospitals to link urgent care patients to ongoing care by moving new patients into their system and keep existing patients from going elsewhere. However, hospitals generally specialize in intensive care, surgical procedures, and complex diagnostic testing, and may not meet the routine needs of the outpatient community where customer service, care quality, and efficiency are paramount.

It is anticipated that increased interest by hospitals in urgent care centers will continue in some form or fashion, either by acquiring such facilities and incorporating them into their existing outpatient care structure, or by partnering with others to develop urgent care platforms, as part of integrated health systems.

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It's Time to Rebrand Sleep

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My Psychology 101 professor paced back and forth, scanning the room with his eyes. He asked, “How many of you actually get eight hours of sleep a night?” Immediately, I heard snickers. I timidly raised my hand and looked around, not surprised when I saw only two or three others joining me. I have always been good at getting enough sleep. I welcomed the siesta when I studied abroad in Spain with open arms, caffeine affects my body too much, and jet lag is still a problem even though I regularly fly coast to coast for college.

When I got to college, the noise outside of my dorm room at 3 a.m. was a literal and figurative wake-up call. When you are asleep, things are happening without you. I started to compare myself to others and worry that people would think that I was less adventurous, fun or exciting because I got a good night’s sleep. I feared that I was missing out on the “classic college experience” and wasn’t being the crazy college student that I was supposed to be. Looking toward the future, I even feared that my sleep habits would be a weakness in the professional world. One day I finally caught myself and thought: “Why am I putting myself down because of a healthy habit?” I don’t criticize myself when I go to the gym or choose healthy snacks.

In our industrious American culture, sleep is generally not glorified. Health fads revolve around hot bodies and crazy diets. None of the personas of the American dream–the multitasking mom, the hardworking professional, the young up-and-comer–are imagined as getting enough rest every night. One who sleeps can often be thought of as a boring, lazy, unproductive bum who neither wins awards nor attracts social attention.

In our always-achieving environment, one phrase echoes: “You can sleep when you’re dead.”

In order to challenge this view, the Changing Carolina Peer Leaders at the University of South Carolina held a De-Stress Fest before finals week where we passed out herbal tea, de-stress tips, adult coloring pages and copies of #TheSleepRevolution. We want college students to know that adequate sleep is vital to success. The goal isn’t to nag students to prevent them from going to parties that are “past their bedtimes” or encourage laziness or oversleeping. Instead, we hope that students become more aware of their sleep hygiene and are able to integrate it into their daily lives as they may with exercise routines and mindful eating. At USC, we try to look at the whole person and realize our vision for a Healthy Carolina, and sleep is a big part of that.

In my experience, sleep has allowed me to let go of negative emotions and more quickly recall test material, which means less wasted time tiredly staring at a textbook. We want the image of a productive, successful individual in society to not conflict with the idea of giving our bodies and brains rest, as this rest gives us the energy to work toward our greatest successes.

Get some shut-eye America because sleep is the new health craze.

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