Nepal's Earthquake Widows Struggle To Survive

KATHMANDU (Thomson Reuters Foundation) – Rani Maya Shrestha was working on a neighbor’s potato farm when the first of Nepal’s two massive earthquakes struck last year. She rushed home to find her husband buried in the ruins of their house northeast of the capital Kathmandu.

“I should have died with him,” said Shrestha inside the tin hovel that has been her home for the last year. “Without my husband, my life has become meaningless.”

The frail looking 45-year-old woman has no documents to prove her rights to her husband’s property in the ancient town of Sankhu. She survives on around 75 cents a day from knitting mufflers and woolen caps.

Twin quakes in April and May 2015 killed some 9,000 people in the Himalayan nation, leaving many women to fend for themselves in a country where widows face hostility, abuse, discrimination and even enslavement.

Mina Adhikari says her life was shattered after she lost her school teacher husband in the disaster. She is now struggling to bring up their two sons alone.

“It drastically changed the way I am treated by society. Society does not accept me as one of them,” the 33-year-old said by phone from the village of Gairigaon close to the 7.8 magnitude quake’s epicenter in west Nepal.

Women for Human Rights (WHR), a Nepali organization which campaigns for widows’ rights, said women who had lost their husbands in the disaster faced a multitude of problems.

“There is superstition and stigmatization. Widows have no status,” said WHR’s chief Lily Thapa ahead of International Widows’ Day on Thursday.

She said many widows lacked documents to claim their dead husband’s property or faced difficulties getting rebuilding grants because their marriage was not registered, as is common in Nepal.

Some widows have also been abandoned when family members moved to new locations following the disaster, she added.

Although Nepal has taken major steps to empower women since the end of its decade-long civil war in 2006, widowhood remains surrounded by taboos in this patriarchal society.

Like other widows, Adhikari said she was no longer allowed to attend religious ceremonies or other celebrations because women who have lost their husbands are seen as inauspicious.

 

DESTITUTION AND ENSLAVEMENT

Nepal has around half a million widows. Many lost their husbands during the war or to HIV. Others were widowed when their husbands died in accidents while working overseas as migrant laborers.

Another factor is child marriage, with girls in Nepal often married off as teenagers to much older men.

When their husbands die many widows are left destitute. If they remain with their in-laws they may be confined to the house and treated like servants, activists say. In some cases the family may even blame the widow for her husband’s death.

The Loomba Foundation, a widows’ rights charity, said widows could face hostility because it was sometimes believed their husbands had died as punishment for immoral acts or crimes their wives had committed in a previous life.

“The younger the age of the husbands when they died, the greater the severity of the crime the widows (are believed to have) committed in the past life,” the foundation said in a global report on widows last year.

The charity says widows in Nepal are also regularly accused of killing their husbands deliberately or through neglect – including by passing on HIV.

Traditionally, widows are required to shun merriment. They are banned from wearing red clothes and most jewelry. Many wear only white.

Often forced into virtual seclusion, they are not supposed to remarry or move out of their in-laws’ homes, which leaves many open to exploitation.

Most widows in Nepal are illiterate and two thirds are under 35, compounding the risks of abuse, activists say.

In 2008, in recognition of the large number of war widows and popular aversion to widow remarriage, the government put forward a scheme to pay men a 50,000 rupee ($460) incentive to marry widows.

But widows protested, saying the proposal was open to abuse by traffickers and would turn them into commodities. Nepal’s Supreme Court ordered the government to ditch the initiative.

 

WIDOW PRESIDENT

However, WHR’s Thapa says things are slowly improving. Some widows have even defied tradition by wearing red during protests against discrimination.

Thapa founded WHR 20 years ago following the death of her husband in the Gulf War while he was working with a peace mission in Iraq.

The organization, which has more than 2,000 widow groups nationwide, campaigns for better social and cultural rights, and helps widows secure property, economic independence and legal aid.

Thapa says several discriminatory laws and policies have been amended in recent years. For example, a widow who remarries no longer needs to return her deceased husband’s property.

Social protections have also been strengthened, with all widows now entitled to a monthly allowance.

But campaigners say it will likely take many years for old prejudices to die out.

When Nepal’s widowed President Bidhya Devi Bhandari visited a temple in the south last December some locals accused her of desecrating the shrine.

The following day they “cleansed” the temple with holy water, saying her worship there had made it impure.

Rights campaigner Durga Sob said the demeaning incident highlights the entrenched stigma faced by all widows in Nepal.

“This is extremely shameful,” said Sob, head of Sankalpa, a network of women’s groups. “When the country’s president is treated this way, just imagine what treatment the voiceless, uneducated and poor widows may be facing.”

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Gay Rights Advocates Stage Massive Protest Outside Trump Tower

Supporters of LGBT, Muslim, and Latino rights gathered outside Trump Towers in New York to protest the presumptive Republican nominee.

Donald Trump continues to advocate discrimination against peaceful [M]uslims while meeting with anti-gay and anti-transgender hate groups,” gay rights group ACTUP said Tuesday.

The group also criticized the former reality TV star’s “use of the recent massacre at a gay bar in Orlando to polarize Americans.”

Advocates organized a “die in,” where protesters laid on the ground and simulated corpses, to speak out against recent acts anti-gay acts of violence.

CNN’s Jim Acosta said it was the largest protest of its kind that he’d seen.

Trump responded to the massacre of 49 people at Pulse nightclub by attacking Muslims and suggesting that the U.S. engage in racial profiling. 

“I hate the concept of profiling, but we have to start using common sense,” he said on Sunday.

Orlando shooter Omar Mateen was Muslim and had pledged his allegiance to the so-called Islamic State. However, as House Speaker Paul Ryan said,“there’s a really important distinction … this is a war with radical Islam — it’s not a war with Islam. Muslims are our partners.”

Protesters at Tuesday’s rally demanded an end to Trump’s hateful rhetoric.

“The LGBTQ community is a rainbow coalition of races and religious beliefs. While we stand united against any kind of religious bigotry, we will not stand silent while our Muslim LGBTQ brothers and sisters continue to be targets of hate speech,” ACTUP said in a statement.

Trump, who has referred to himself as a supporter of LGBT rights, met with evangelical leaders on Tuesday. One of those was Tony Perkins, the president of the Family Research Council, a group that opposes gay rights and whose leaders often makes derogatory comments about LGBT people.

“By continuing to embrace, rather than condemn these hate groups, Donald Trump and the Republican Party are spitting on the victims of the Orlando Massacre,” the group said.

Editor’s note: Donald Trump regularly incites political violence and is a serial liar,rampant xenophoberacistmisogynist and birther who has repeatedly pledged to ban all Muslims — 1.6 billion members of an entire religion — from entering the U.S.

 

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Here's Why Your Scanner Freaks Out If You Try To Copy Money

Ever wondered what would happen if you tried to copy money on your printer or copier? Here’s your answer. 

Nothing.

Nothing happens because most modern scanners recognize money and won’t copy or print it, according to a clip posted online by Wendoverproductions

How do the scanners know? One way is a hidden pattern called the Eurion Constellation, which is found on banknotes issued all over the world: 

When a scanner spots the pattern, it stops.

But there’s also a newer and even more secretive system called the Counterfeit Deterrent System, and it’s so effective that photo-editing software will often refuse to open a file that contains even a small piece of an image of a banknote.

See the full explanation in the clip above.  

 

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How a Franciscan Monk from 1440 could Revolutionise the way that we Measure the Natural World.

Mathew Parr explains how double entry bookkeeping can help us to interpret nature and natural systems

This article has been submitted as part of the Natural Capital Coalition‘s series of blogs on natural capital by Mathew Parr, senior advisor on natural capital, IUCN Netherlands.

We take our current system of numbers, counting and mathematics for granted. They are an integral part of our everyday lives: essential in the workings of our modern technology; indispensable in running our global economy; central to our understanding of the environment.

Up until only a few hundred years ago though, we used a completely different system to count and calculate: using counters and Roman numerals. It wasn’t until an unlikely group of savvy merchants in Florence saw the benefits of what was then known as Hindu-Arabic ‘abbaco’ mathematics, that things started, very slowly, to change.

Over the 14th and 15th centuries, they embraced and studied this new system, using the now familiar numerals 0-9 in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and put it to use in what they called “the expression in writing of the arrangement of [their] affairs.”

This ‘expression in writing’ has become known as double entry bookkeeping, and was perfected by Luca Pacioli, a Franciscan monk born near Florence, Italy, in the 1440s. In 1494 he published the first treatise on double entry bookkeeping, a record keeping system under which every business transaction is recorded in at least two accounts: debit entries on the left and credit entries on the right. As Jane Gleeson-White writes in her wonderful little book on the history of finance and accounting, double entry bookkeeping became the cornerstone governing our global economy and every business which operates therein.

By virtue of this innovation, the merchants became some of the wealthiest and most educated in Europe, unleashing first a cultural revolution (modern financing and, to some extent, the Renaissance), and subsequently, a scientific and industrial revolution. While they lived a life of wealth and extravagance in Italy, scientists in Western Europe were busy experimenting with these new numbers and equations, and applying them in order to chronicle and interpret the natural world.

For these scientists, numbers become an essential tool. Early conservationists like John Muir, although renowned for their written prose on the beauty of nature, also measured and calculated many aspects of the natural world.

Darwin, while a reluctant mathematician, wrote towards the end of his life that he wished he had learned the basic principles of math, “for men thus endowed seem to have an extra sense.” Today, numbers, math, and statistics are essential in how we describe and study the status and trends of our global species, ecosystems, habitats and environment, without them projects like the IUCN Red List would be impossible.

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For most of their history, market economists and conservation ecologists have not bothered each other much. The economists observed and produced economic theories, and measured production and consumption of goods and services in the market place. The ecologists observed and produced ecological theories, and measured the interaction of living organisms with their environments. However, both economists and ecologists have, over time, come to recognize that neither approach produces a complete picture. Our failure to achieve a unified understanding is leading to inefficient and destructive decisions, which ultimately benefit neither the economy nor the environment.

Every economic enterprise fundamentally depends in some way on the natural world. Any measurement or account of economic activity – from a cost-benefit analysis, to a company account, and all the way to measuring GDP itself – should therefore include nature. Failing to do so creates blind spots in identifying economic and corporate risk and opportunity.

Correspondingly, no ecosystem exists that has not been affected or altered by economic activities in some sense. This relationship, when poorly understood and managed, leads to a vicious circle of environmental degradation and economic instability. Any attempt to maintain ecological integrity and diversity in the 21st century then, must therefore include recourse to economics and economic actors, just as any attempt to maintain economic stability and prosperity must recourse to ecology and ecological actors.

Fortunately, as in 1494, 2016 could be a watershed moment; the year when business and conservation comes together to collaborate in a constructive, systematic way to account for natural capital alongside traditional measurements of financial capital. This will undoubtedly lead to better, more informed decisions that will benefit us all.

A number of initiatives are at the forefront this next revolution. One of these is the Natural Capital Coalition, which brings together leading initiatives and organizations under a common vision of a world where business conserves and enhances natural capital. In July of this year, the Coalition will launch the world’s first Natural Capital Protocol, a framework for businesses to identify, measure and value their impacts and dependencies on natural capital, and generate trusted, credible, and actionable information to inform better decisions in business.

While he was alive, Luca Pacioli realized how vital it is for businesses to express their values in numbers. If he were alive today, he would surely see the benefit of such a framework to help business – across all geographies and sectors – express, in writing, the “arrangement of [their] affairs” with regard to nature.

Disclaimer: Articles in this series are submitted by people who work in organizations who are part of the Natural Capital Coalition, or people who are involved in the natural capital space more generally, the views expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of The Natural Capital Coalition, other Coalition organizations, or the organization that employs the author.

Follow Mathew Parr on Twitter: @MathewMasseyP
Keep up to date with IUCN NL on Twitter: @IUCNNL
Keep up to date with IUCN on twitter: @IUCN

Mathew is the Senior Advisor Natural Capital at IUCN Netherlands, overseeing and advising projects on both natural capital for business and development. This includes their work engaging corporates and testing of the Natural Capital Protocol, as well as ecosystem valuation studies in the tropics, where he is currently overseeing a large valuation study of Atewa Forest Reserve in Ghana. Prior to IUCN NL Mathew spent several years in Vietnam working on national park management and social forestry. Mathew holds an MSc in Biodiversity Conservation and Management from Imperial College, University of London, and an BA in Economics and Philosophy from the University of Leeds. He guest lectures on Natural Capital at the the Free University of Amsterdam and Wageningen University.

On 13th July 2016, The Natural Capital Coalition will launch a standardized framework for business to identify, measure and value their impacts and dependencies on natural capital. This ‘Natural Capital Protocol’ has been developed through a unique collaborative process; a World Business Council for Sustainable Development consortium led on the technical development and an IUCN consortium led on business engagement and piloting. The Protocol is supported by practically focused ‘Sector Guides’ on Apparel and Food & Beverage produced by Trucost on behalf of Coalition.

Keep up to date with the Natural Capital Coalition on Twitter: @NatCapCoalition

Keep up to date with our series on natural capital here.

www.naturalcapitalcoalition.org

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Champion Golfer Rory McIlroy Withdraws From Rio Games Over Zika Concerns

LONDON, June 22 (Reuters) – Four-times Major winner Rory McIlroy will not compete in this summer’s Rio Olympic Games, citing health fears over the Zika virus, he said on Wednesday.

“After speaking with those closest to me, I’ve come to realize that my health and my family’s health comes before anything else. Even though the risk of infection from the Zika virus is considered low, it is a risk nonetheless and a risk I am unwilling to take,” the Northern Irish world number four said.

Golf returns to the Olympics in August for the first time since 1904, but a number of big names including Fiji’s Vijay Singh and Charl Schwartzel of South Africa have also said they will not compete in the event.

Controversy over the Aug.5-21 Games has grown as more about the disease becomes known. The mosquito-borne virus can cause crippling birth defects and, in adults, has been linked to the neurological disorder Guillain-Barre.

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HuffPost Rise: What You Need To Know On June 22

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Welcome to the HuffPost Rise Morning Newsbrief, a short wrap-up of the news to help you start your day.

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Sustainability is a Mindset

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Sustainability cannot be limited to a single department in a company, words in a glossy report, or on a poster on the wall.
It should be the focal point in every business’ purpose.
To me, making a real difference for the world within SDG 6, water, and SDG 13, climate change, leads othe way.

Today, I have the pleasure of sharing these thoughts with world- and business-leaders at the UN Global Compact Leaders’ Summit in New York. This, I am both honoured and excited to do. Because thinking businesses and sustainability in a common context is decisive. Not least in my business. The water business.

Water is actually in everything. To some it might be self-explanatory, but to many, it comes as a surprise. However, it is. This also goes for the SDG’s. In fact, 15 out of the 17 connect to water.

My thoughts mostly revolve around goals 6 and 13. Clean water and sanitation and climate change. Two goals, which are very closely connected.

The need for water and sanitation on a global scale is evident – and the lack for equal access to both is one of the world’s greatest risks in the future. Everybody needs access to drinking water to live, however, more than 663 million people lack access to it. That’s a staggering figure. Another eye-opener is that 2.4 billion are without basic sanitation. Roughly one third of the world’s population, at high risk of losing lives to waterborne diseases.

Meanwhile, climate change causes global water issues. Some places all too much water, other places way too little. Add to this, that solving the challenges takes a lot of energy and by this effect the climate as well, then it becomes evident that it’s important to find long lasting solutions.

What we are trying to do with the SDG’s is solving these issues. By 2030. That’s not far away. Therefore, it’s increasingly important that we all join forces and push for genuine change, which can make us able of reaching the very ambitious targets.

My claim is that without substantial action from the private sector, the targets cannot be reached.
My business can contribute with innovative water technology, which energy efficiently can move water to where it should be. This expertise, we have refined for decades, and I feel confident that our knowledge can make a difference.

What we also need is sustainable business models supporting the ambitious targets defined by the SDG’s. Something, which is necessary not only seen from a global citizen’s perspective, but also from a business standing point. Keeping with the water and climate challenges, these huge threats also poses very real risks to businesses and societies worldwide – and hold the capability of disrupting even the most firmly based institutions, companies and countries.

Therefore, what we come up with needs to be self-sustaining solutions. We need to make sure that resources put into solving these problems will not be one-time donations, but rather investments which can pay off and turned into reinvestments. We need commercial drivers in order to have a chance of fulfilling the ambitious and necessary goals we have set out to achieve together. We need to cooperate across NGO’s, governments and businesses to succeed.

And we need to take action fast, together and in the right ways.

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Here's Proof That Donald Trump Really Sucks At Math

While Donald Trump takes heat for his policies on the presidential campaign trail, Mother Jones just unearthed some evidence that his math skills aren’t quite up to snuff either.

Watch Trump incorrectly multiply 17 x 6, arriving at 112 as the answer. The correct answer is 102. Then watch him gloat that he got 112 under the misguided notion that he outsmarted his children, Ivanka and Donald Jr.

This math-block moment hails from a 2006 visit to Howard Stern’s radio show, MJ reports. Trump’s kids bragged in the clipped that their dad couldn’t buy their way into Wharton and that they had to earn entry on their own merits. 

It’s then that Stern launches the pop quiz. In all fairness, doing even relatively easy multiplication might be tough with an audience. But you’d think at some point that one of the Trumps might come up with the right answer.

President Barack Obama told Jay Leno on “The Tonight Show” in 2012 that he was no math whiz either, but we doubt he’d get stumped on 17 x 6.

Editor’s note: Donald Trump regularly incites political violence and is a serial liar,rampant xenophoberacistmisogynist and birther who has repeatedly pledged to ban all Muslims — 1.6 billion members of an entire religion — from entering the U.S.

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Mobcrush game livestreaming fully launches for mobile

mobcrush-0Livestreaming games has become the hottest trend, not to mention lucrative business, in the gaming industry. But mostly due to hardware and platform limitations, that activity has mostly been limited to PCs and consoles. Mobile gaming, however, has started to also become serious, and again lucrative, business. So it only stands that it, too, should start having livestreaming services and … Continue reading

US Supreme Court ruling puts patent trolls on notice

supreme-courtSoftware and tech companies might have just scored a victory in their almost never ending battle against patent trolls and their often frivolous patent claims. The US Supreme Court has just handed down a ruling that upheld a new government process that allowed challenges to the validity of patents to be held before the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) instead … Continue reading