Astronomers pick up “death cry” of a star being destroyed by a black hole

Black holes are one of the most interesting and destructive forces in all of the universe. The gravity of a black hole is so strong that not even light can escape. However, by methods unknown to scientists today, the black hole blasts matter outwards perpendicular to its accretion disk at almost 90% of the speed of light along the black hole’s spin axis.

A team of astronomers has announced that they have detected what they are calling the “death cry” of a star as it was devoured by a supermassive black hole. The black hole is called Swift J1644+57 and is 3.9 billion light-years away from Earth. The black hole is located in the constellation Draco and was discovered on March 28, 2011.

The black hole was discovered by NASA’s Swift satellite as the satellite conducted its gamma ray search. The satellite discovered a gamma ray burst from the black hole that faded out gradually, nothing similar had been detected before. Close observation of the black hole revealed the faint, periodic signal that astronomer Jon Miller of the University of Michigan says corresponds in frequency to an ultralow D-sharp.

Scientists believe that the signals emanate from material that is about to be sucked into the black hole. According to the scientists, the star that was sucked in by the black hole would have been subjected to powerful tidal forces as it neared the black hole and was torn apart. Some of the gas would’ve been sucked into the black hole and formed an accretion disk of material around it. The innermost part of that disc would’ve been heated to a temperature of millions of degrees causing it to emit x-rays. The black hole was discovered as it consumed the star because one of the jets of matter emitted by the black hole was pointed straight at Earth. According to the scientists, the star being sucked in the black hole committed a “cry” every 3.5 minutes.

[via LA Times]


Astronomers pick up “death cry” of a star being destroyed by a black hole is written by Shane McGlaun & originally posted on SlashGear.
© 2005 – 2012, SlashGear. All right reserved.


Kantar On Smartphones: Samsung 45% Of Euro Sales; Apple Gained Only In UK, US; RIM Holds On In France

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We have seen reports from Strategy Analytics, IDC and Canalys detailing how many smartphones that handset makers shipped in the last quarter (the takeaway: Android is still on top, with Samsung the chief benefactor); today, Kantar Worldpanel ComTech, WPP’s market analytics business, has released its rolling monthly update on how that translates into on-the-ground sales in some of the biggest markets in the world. The results give more weight to Samsung’s current domination; and underscore how important it is for Apple to “wow” the market next month with the launch of a new handset.

Kantar, which bases its conclusions on millions of interviews with consumers every month (1 million in Europe alone, it notes), found that Samsung is currently the top-selling brand in Europe at the moment, thanks in part to a successful launch of the S3 in May, but also aggressive pricing in a region hit by economic pressures. Samsung accounted for 45% of all smartphone sales across the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain in the last 12 weeks that ended July 8. Arch-rival Apple, in contrast, accounted for just 16% of all sales in the region, Kantar analyst Dominic Sunnebo tells me. In fact, Apple has declined in every market Kantar surveyed, except for the UK and U.S.

Android’s share of sales across the big-five European countries is now at 66%, a big jump from 43% a year ago, Kantar notes. In Australia, Android took 60.5% of all sales in the period, and in the U.S. it accounted for just over 51% of all sales.

Apple’s lackluster performance in Europe is something that Apple itself highlighted during its last earnings report, blaming the economy and people holding off on purchases until the next iPhone release. Kantar showed that as a result of these factors, Apple took between 4.3% and 11.4% fewer sales in the last 12 weeks than it did a year ago across the markets of Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Australia — with Australia accounting for the biggest of those declines.

Interestingly, despite Android doing so well globally, it actually declined in one key market: the U.S. its 51.5% share of the market is actually 5.3 percentage points down on a year ago. Was this because the Galaxy S3 launched later there, I asked Sunnebo? No, he says, it’s about consumer preference and price:

“An important point here is that there is very little difference in price between an Apple iPhone or an Android phone in the U.S., so the choice is made purely on what the consumer wants, not what they can afford,” he tells me, “whereas in Europe, Apple continues to command a price premium over Android. With recessionary pressures as they are in Europe this is likely to have an impact.”

Indeed, he notes that the S3 is more of a brand pusher than a direct sales generator: “While the majority of noise is focused on big-name products such as the S3 or S2, it’s easy to forget that Samsung is selling smartphones across all tiers,” he notes in the report. Kantar says that in the UK, for example, Samsung accounts for five of the top 10 best-selling smartphones in the UK, “with even the smartphone/tablet hybrid Samsung Galaxy Note making it into the top ten.”

In the U.S. Apple’s share of sales went up by 9.5 percentage points to account for 38.2% of all sales in the period. The UK was not as strong but also increased: up by 2 percentage points to 22.9% of sales.

Kantar notes that a lot of this appears to be about people holding off from purchases until the next iPhone comes along. “Kantar Worldpanel ComTech data clearly shows that the proportion of Apple consumers who have owned their device for at least 18 months and not upgraded has increased markedly over the last quarter, indicating current owners are holding off upgrading until the release of the iPhone 5,” Sunnebo writes.

Indeed, the Apple brand continues to command “high loyalty”: in the UK 80% of consumers who own an iPhone have bought another; and 92% say they plan to stick with Apple when they next upgrade. “With this in mind, any dip in Apple share is likely to be short-lived with the release of an updated iPhone in quarter three bringing momentum back to the Cupertino giant,” he concludes.

Other brands. The story is not great. While Apple’s declines may be short-lived, RIM’s seem more indicative of a longer-term issue. The only country where it has managed to stave off market share declines is in France, where it only accounted for 9.2% of sales. In the U.S., which used to be RIM’s proud, top market, it only accounted for 3.7% of sales. Ouch. The UK is the only market where RIM managed to go into double digits for sales, with 10.9% of sales in that country, although that is half of what it was last year.

The story for Windows Phone is similar to that of iPhone and iOS, notes Kantar — that is, people appear to be holding off for Windows Phone 8 releases. That’s happening on a much smaller and more depressing scale, though. Windows Phone did not break through even 5% of sales in any market Kantar researched, as you can see in the full tables below. And just as RIM has a (sort of) break out market in the form of the UK, Symbian is still seeing a bit of life in Italy, where it accounted for 12.8% of sales, although that is a decline of more than 22 percentage points on last year.


Swiss sheep text shepherds when wolves are near

In many parts of the world raising and selling sheep is big business. The challenge for shepherds overseeing a flock is protecting them from predators. Apparently, Switzerland is having a big problem with hungry wolves attacking flocks. To help prevent shepherds from losing their sheep to wolves; a new high-tech collar is being developed.

The collar would be wrapped around the neck of the sheep and is would send the shepherd a text message to warn them that their sheep are under attack. The Swiss tested the system by equipping 10 sheep with a heart monitor and then targeting the animals with muzzled wolfdogs. The researchers found that the heart rate monitoring system works well.

The system can detect an increase in the heart rate of the sheep that happens during a wolf attack. According to the researchers, the heart rate system can be used in conjunction with a collar that would send the text alert. The collar could also release wolf repellent when it detects an increased heart rate.

A system to monitor and warn shepherds of wolf attack is a big deal in Switzerland because wolves have made a comeback in the area after a 100-year absence. The prototype collars are expected to launch this autumn with testing planned in Switzerland and France next year. I wonder what the text messages will say, “OMG!! Ewe need to come quick!”

[via Phys.org]


Swiss sheep text shepherds when wolves are near is written by Shane McGlaun & originally posted on SlashGear.
© 2005 – 2012, SlashGear. All right reserved.


NASA Curiosity sends back more detailed view of Mars

Curiosity’s main cameras may not be due to come online until they’ve unfurled later this week, but the Mars rover is already beaming back better shots now that it has whipped off the dust protection. The first batch of photos from the freshly-landed rover were fuzzy – thanks to a combination of dust whirls from the Skycrane lander and the protective covers on the cameras themselves – but as things settle and Curiosity whirs into life, the images are getting a lot clearer.

So far there’s only one new image from the rover, limited by the need to route any transmissions via the Odyssey satellite in orbit around the red planet. Odyssey took up position around Mars in 2001, and was expected to be the weak spot in the Curiosity landing: with systems already failing in places, it could have left the NASA groundcrew at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory temporarily blind as to whether the rover had made it to the surface.

Thankfully those pieces slotted into place, giving Curiosity time to blast one last, higher-resolution shot back home. In the picture, taken by a rear “Hazcam” – a monochrome, fish-eye camera mounted on one corner of the rover, and intended to be used for guidance – you can see the curve of the horizon and one of Curiosity’s wheels. The white, ridged object in the lower right corner is believed to be part of the assembly for the dust cover itself.

Full color images are due to be collected later in the week, when the 1600 x 1200 primary cameras come online. They’re mounted on the head of the rover, which is currently tucked away as part of the landing procedure, and can shoot both stills and 10fps 720p HD video footage.


NASA Curiosity sends back more detailed view of Mars is written by Chris Davies & originally posted on SlashGear.
© 2005 – 2012, SlashGear. All right reserved.


GE, Ford, and the University of Michigan team up to extend EV battery life

Researchers all around the world are teaming up with automotive manufacturers and battery manufacturers to attempt to design improvements in battery packs that will help electric vehicles drive farther. GE, Ford, and the University of Michigan are all working together on a new project with the goal of extending battery life for EVs. Longer battery life equates to a longer driving distance for electric vehicles.

The researchers working on the project are attempting to develop smart, miniaturized sensing systems with the goal of extending the life of the battery pack inside the EV or hybrid significantly over the conventional systems in use today. GE will be using its ultrathin battery sensor system with sophisticated modeling of cell behavior to control and optimize battery management systems in EVs. Sensors are used inside electric vehicles today to measure the health of the battery and look at factors such as temperature, voltage, and current.

The small size of the sensors GE is using allows sensors to be placed in areas of the battery where the larger existing sensor technology commonly used today can’t be located. The smaller sensors will enable a better understanding of battery performance and life inside current EVs. The data generated by the GE sensors will be used by scientists at the University of Michigan to verify their advanced battery models.

The data will also allow the scientists to create schemes that use instantaneous sensor data to predict future battery cell and battery pack behavior. Once the researchers develop the systems, Ford will place the new system in one of its electric vehicles for validation. This project is a three-year $3.1 million program and the goal is to demonstrate a working system inside an actual electric vehicle.

“The car battery remains the greatest barrier and most promising opportunity to bringing EVs mainstream.” said Aaron Knobloch, principal investigator and mechanical engineer at GE Global Research. “Improvements in the range, cost and life of the battery will all be needed for EVs to be competitive. With better sensors and new battery analytics, we think we can make substantial progress at increasing battery life. This, in turn, could help bring down its overall cost and the cost entitlement of buying an electric car.”


GE, Ford, and the University of Michigan team up to extend EV battery life is written by Shane McGlaun & originally posted on SlashGear.
© 2005 – 2012, SlashGear. All right reserved.


NASA’s Curiosity is biggest Mars mission yet (in more ways than one)

Safely landed on Mars, NASA‘s Curiosity rover dwarfs its robot predecessors by a factor of 2:1, though we’ll need to wait for it to take off its lenscap before we get a proper look at the Martian surface. Measuring 3m long, the six-wheeled Curiosity is double the size of the previous Exploration rovers and uses its heft to carry fifteen times heftier instruments with which it will check for evidence of life on the red planet.

In fact, Curiosity is five times heavier than previous landers, and – as the group photo above shows – is more akin to a small car than the human-scaled rovers that came before it. Altogether, that has allowed for equipment of the sort never before taken to Mars: Curiosity carries a laser that can check out the elemental composition of distant rocks, for instance, while close-up testing is done by loading an internally-carried lab with samples gathered up by a robotic arm.

First step, however, will be orienting Curiosity and gathering some photos for the album. The first batch of shots already sent back to Earth are comparatively low-resolution, since they were taken with the so-called “Hazcam”; in contrast, the two main cameras will grab full color 1600 x 1200 stills (or 720p video at 10fps), but will only be operation when the “head” of the rover is unpacked and extended.

At that point, the Hazcams – of which there are four, at the extremes of the rover – will be used for autonomous navigation, building a 3D perspective of the environment around Curiosity and its robotic arm. There are seventeen cameras in total, spanning visible light through more specific purposes depending on the scientific intention.

NASA expects the Curiosity mission to last two years, though it’s possible the rover could outlast its original estimates. The last Exploration rover, “Opportunity”, recently woke from its fifth winter to continue trundling around Mars.

There’s more on the “7 minutes of terror” process of landing Curiosity on Mars in our full SlashGear 101 on the subject. With transmission delays back to Earth amounting to around fourteen minutes, and the landing itself taking roughly half that time, the entire process had to be automated as there was no way for it to be manually remote-controlled.


NASA’s Curiosity is biggest Mars mission yet (in more ways than one) is written by Chris Davies & originally posted on SlashGear.
© 2005 – 2012, SlashGear. All right reserved.


Ford, GE and University of Michigan team up on sensor to track EV battery life, keep us on the road

Ford Focus Electric hands-on

Believe it or not, EV battery life is still something of a Pandora’s Box, even for automakers: they can tell you the battery pack’s current and voltage, but not how it’s really performing under pressure. Ford, GE and the University of Michigan are uniting to unlock that mystery through a new ARPA-E project. In its role, GE is developing a minuscule sensor array that will track the nuances of battery cells that existing technology misses; it will promptly hand the baton to researchers at the University of Michigan, who plan to both prove that GE’s data is on the mark as well as develop tricks for predicting behavior. Ford handles the last mile, almost literally: it’s planning to fit the GE sensor technology to one of its cars and test in a more realistic environment. Before you fantasize about knowing the lifespan of your Focus Electric’s battery down to the minute, however, the new alliance is stressing that it’s only just getting started — there’s another three years and $3.1 million to go before the project wraps up. If all goes according to plan, though, we’ll have electric cars and plug-in hybrids that can not only tell when they’ve seen better days but can eke out extra miles through smarter battery designs.

Continue reading Ford, GE and University of Michigan team up on sensor to track EV battery life, keep us on the road

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Researchers create record-breaking solar cell, set bar marginally higher

Researchers create record-breaking solar cell, set bar marginally higher

Solar cell development is typically a small numbers game, and a group of researchers at the University of Toronto have managed to eke out a few more percentage points in efficiency with a new record-breaking cell. Setting a high mark for this type of cell, the team’s Colloidal Quantum Dot (CQD) film harvests both visible and non-visible light at seven percent efficiency, a 37 percent increase over the previous record. The breakthrough was achieved by leveraging organic and inorganic chemistry to make sure it had fewer nooks and crannies that don’t absorb light. With the advantages of relatively speedy and cheap manufacturing, the technology could help lead the way for mass production of solar cells on flexible substrates. In the meantime, check out the source for the scientific lowdown.

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Researchers create record-breaking solar cell, set bar marginally higher originally appeared on Engadget on Sun, 05 Aug 2012 03:23:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Visualized: Sandia National Laboratories’ Z machine erupts in a web of lightning

Visualized Sandia Labs' Z machine erupts in a web of EMP lightning

Sandia National Laboratories’ Z machine sounds like it belongs in a James Bond movie more than it does an Alberquerque research facility. Based on what it can do, that’s not as far-fetched as it seems. What you see isn’t the handiwork of some electric spider — it’s what you witness in the immediate fraction of a second after the Z’s electromagnetic pulse kicks in and forks of lightning burst across the 108-foot distance inside. The pulse in question is key to Sandia’s studies of fusion and the effect of very intense magnetic pressures on materials that normally refuse to change states. Even in 2006, the Z was putting out pressure more than 10 million times that of the atmosphere, and it successfully melted diamond at roughly half that strength. It goes without saying that we don’t want to be anywhere near this kind of energy when scientists flick the switch, but we’re glad to see that something so pretty and deadly can help us understand physics.

[Image credit: Randy Montoya, Sandia National Laboratories]

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Visualized: Sandia National Laboratories’ Z machine erupts in a web of lightning originally appeared on Engadget on Sun, 05 Aug 2012 02:18:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Tech-Savvy Sheep Shoot Their Shepherd a Text When a Wolf Attacks [Texting]

Sheepherding is a profession as ancient as civilization, but that doesn’t mean it can’t benefit from a little tech. New heart-monitoring collars let sheep shoot their shepherd a text whenever they’re in danger. More »