Worlds Largest Network Radio Telescope Powers Up

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If one telescope is good, 35 is most assuredly better. That’s the number of networked radio telescopes that just powered up to observe 243 quasars across the universe, according to Space.com.

The goal, in what amounts to a record-breaking effort: “improve the precision of the reference time frame that today’s scientists use to measure positions in the sky,” as well as possibly enhance future Earth-based GPS systems.

Quasars emit powerful radio waves, and are distant enough to appear stationary as seen from our planet, the report said. Scientists will combine data using a technique called very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) to measure celestial positions. (Image credit: U.S. Navy/Naval Oceanography Portal)

NASA Astronauts Get Ready for Spacewalk

NASA_STS129_Cargo_Move.jpgTwo astronauts will leave the International Space Station and step into free space today, for the first of three spacewalks to deliver spare parts, Space.com reports.

The two spacewalkers will spend about six and a half hours floating outside. Here’s the to-do list: install a spare communications antenna for backup, grease the station’s robotic arm and rail car attachment point, and install new cables and a handrail for a future ISS expansion mission.

The shuttle Atlantis launched mission STS-129 Monday and arrived at the ISS Wednesday with a total of six crewmembers. The entire round trip will last 11 days, barring unforeseen weather issues the day of landing. (Image credit: NASA TV)

Cray Regains Fastest Supercomputer Title

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Thirty-three years after the first Cray-1 supercomputer, the company is still cranking them out. Now the Cray XT5 “Jaguar” just won the title of world’s fastest computer, displacing the IBM Roadrunner that held the title for the previous 18 months, InformationWeek reports.

The Jaguar features six-core AMD Opteron processors, nearly a quarter million total CPU cores, and managed to hit 1.75 petaflops per second on the Linpack benchmark used by researchers in determining the biannual Top500 list. That’s compared with the Roadrunner’s 1.04 petaflop/s rating. (A petaflop/s is one quadrillion calculations per second.)

Of the top 500 machines in the list, 399 use Intel processors, 52 employ IBM Power chips, and AMD brings up third place in popularity with 42 systems. HP and IBM together account for building almost 400 of the 500 computers. Anyone for Crysis benchmarks?

Lunar Water Discovery Fuels Colonization Dreams

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NASA’s announcement on Friday that the LCROSS moon probe discovered significant water ice at the lunar south pole is fueling colonization hopes, Space.com reports. The idea is that someday humans could either colonize the moon, exploit it as a source of minerals, or use it as a launch pad to stage further space missions unhindered by Earth’s atmosphere.

For now, scientists are just concentrating on where they can find more than the equivalent of a dozen 2-gallon buckets of ice water already found, the report said. But in turn, it’s leading to a private moon race similar to the existing one for reusable spacecraft.

NASA to Attempt to Free Stuck Mars Rover

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After several months of deliberation and research–much of which looked fun, at least from here–NASA will begin transmitting commands to its Spirit Mars Rover in an attempt to free the five-year-old robot from its Martian sand trap.

The rover has been stuck since April 23rd; engineers are expecting the process to take a while, and no one is sure if they will be able to free Spirit for good.

“This is going to be a lengthy process, and there’s a high probability attempts to free Spirit will not be successful” said Doug McCuistion, director of the Mars Exploration Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington, in a statement. “After the first few weeks of attempts, we’re not likely to know whether Spirit will be able to free itself.”

NASA researchers will transmit some commands, and then evaluate the results the next day as the rover sends back data. From there, researchers will make adjustments, and then keep going with more commands. Here’s hoping.

LHC to Resume Search for God Particle

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It’s all-systems-go for the Large Hadron Collider, just a week after a bird threatened to gum up the proceedings with a piece of bread.

The world’s largest particle accelerator has been under repair for over a year due to an electrical failure back in September 2008, but it’s now gearing up to resume operations, according to CNN.

The 17-mile collider will circulate high-energy proton beams beginning later this month, according to Steve Myers, CERN’s Director for Accelerators and Technology. The goal: to explore questions about the origins of the universe.

Myers said in the report that the full scientific program for the LHC will probably last over 20 years, though scientists hope to discover new properties of nature in short order–possibly as early as 2010. (Image credit: CERN)

Bird, Baguette Shut Down Large Hadron Collider

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Okay. So we know that the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s most powerful particle accelerator, has run into a few snags recently, including a major coolant leak, an arrest, and numerous delays.

Now we can add bird droppings to the list. Or, more specifically, a dropped piece of bread.

Popular Science reports that a bird dropped a baguette on a section of LHC machinery outdoors, which eventually caused part of the accelerator to overheat–enough that if the LHC were actually running at the time, the heat would have triggered automatic failsafes and shut down the system.

The bread won’t cause another delay in the planned reactivation next month, according to the report.

Lunar Lander Prize of $1 Million Still Up for Grabs

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The $1 million race to build a lunar lander is heating up, as–unexpectedly–Masten Space Systems’ Xoie rocket prototype has taken the lead. MSNBC reports that the Masten team’s remote-controlled rocket had a successful test flight, just one day after a damaging fire on the launch pad and two days after communications glitches derailed two earlier launch attempts.

Level 2 of the Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander Challenge requires that a remote-controlled aircraft makes a complete round trip between one launch pad and a boulder-strewn pad about 164 feet away, according to the report. Each leg of the flight needs to last at least three minutes, and the rocket has to rise up 50 meters from the ground–all within a 135 minute time period.

Armadillo Aerospace–backed by id software’s John Carmack–first qualified to win last month. Since more than one team has now qualified for the prize, judges will decide who to award it to based on the accuracy of the flight. (Via Slashdot)

Astronomers Detect Huge Explosion in Space

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This is starting to become a regular event: Astronomers have detected what appears to be the most distant object anyone has seen from Earth, according to NPR.

The discovery, which appears in the current issue of Nature, involves a gamma ray burst, which is essentially a type of exploding star (visible as the tiny red dot in the center of the photo). “These things are brighter than anything else we know of in the universe,” said Nial Tanvir, a University of Leicester astronomer who was on one of the two teams involved in the discovery. “In principle we can see them very far away but they’re incredibly rare.”

So here’s the tech portion: the astronomers used NASA’s SWIFT satellite to find the gamma ray burst. In this case, it turns out to be from a star that collapsed when the universe was “only” 600 million years old; that’s 13.1 billion years ago. The light took that long to reach us, and finally arrived on April 23rd of this year–and is the most distant object ever detected, according to the report.

“It was absolutely thrilling — a spine-tingling moment, actually,” Tanvir said in the article. (Thanks to Warren W for sending this in.) (Image credit: A.J.Levan and N.R.Tanvir/Nature)

Scientists Create Pseudo Black Hole in Lab

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Researchers figured out how to simulate a miniature black hole in a lab–though fortunately for us, it’s not going to eat the Earth, as Space.com reports.

“The device we created is not a real black hole, but only a device to mimic the black-hole effect,” said researcher Tie Jun Cui, a professor at Southeast University in China, in the article. “Actually, the device can trap and absorb the electromagnetic waves which hit the device. Hence we call it as the Electromagnetic Black Hole.” Essentially, the pseudo black hole sucks in light, but not mass.

The team “built the black hole” (I love my job) out of circuit board, by linking 60 concentric circular layers etched with copper patterns, the report said. In turn, the patterns interact with electromagnetic waves. That means the device, as a result, absorbs any incoming light that’s in the microwave range of the spectrum–but not any mass. (Image credit: Cheng/Cui/Arxiv)