Hubble Captures Huge Galaxy Collision

Hubble_Arp_194_NASA_ESA.jpgHubble has picked up a galaxy collision here or there over the past 19 years, but none stranger than the one pictured here. Called Arp 194, the trio of galaxies give the impression that one of them has sprung a leak, as ScienceDaily reports.

“The bright blue streamer is really a stretched spiral arm full of
newborn blue stars,” the report said. “This typically happens when two galaxies interact
and gravitationally tug at [each other].” In fact, all of the galaxies pictured were likely distorted already from a prior collision, according to the article.

In addition, it turns out that what appears to be the third galaxy in the trio is actually further away and in the distance–something that Hubble’s resolution alone can help astronomers sort out. Arp 194 is located in the constellation of Cepheus and is about 600 million light-years away from Earth, the report said. To date, Hubble has taken over 570,000 photos of 29,000 celestial objects. (Credit: NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA))

Earth-Like Exoplanet Could Have Liquid Oceans

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There may be another contender for most Earth-like exoplanet found so far. New measurements of Gliese 581d’s orbit indicate a range where conditions would be right for liquid water, and thus life as we
know it, Geneva University in
Switzerland astronomer Michel Mayor announced today, according to National Geographic.

“It lies in the [life-supporting] habitable zone, and it could have an
ocean at its surface,” Mayor said at the European Week of Astronomy
and Space Science conference, which is taking place at the University of
Hertfordshire in the U.K.
this week.

Mars Rovers at 5: One Ailing, the Other Strong

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NASA originally projected that the Mars Exploration Rovers would last 90 days once on the surface of the red planet. Today, both rovers are still doing science five years after their arrival. Spirit is now driving on a plateau called Home Plate in the
Inner Basin valley, according to the Washington Post, while Opportunity has left
Victoria Crater on the other side of the planet, and is motoring toward
a much larger crater called
Endeavour.

Spirit, the less-healthy of the two, has a bunch of minor to moderate issues. They include a broken wheel, some flaky sensors and software, and enough dust on its solar panels to limit its power to 30 percent of normal, the report said. Each night, the two rovers sleep to conserve energy since there is little sunlight–but from April 9th to 11th, Spirit wouldn’t wake up. It’s working again, though scientists working on the program may never find out what happened.

That’s not necessarily a problem. When Spirit’s wheel broke three years ago, the other five wheels dragged the broken one across the surface, which gouged a trench along the way–revealing a silica that proved to be evidence of ancient hot springs, according to the article. “When life hands you lemons, you make lemonade,” said John Callas, project manager for the Mars rovers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., in the report.

Space Observer to innocently watch you at San Jose’s airport

It’s every child’s dream to one day walk through a trio of space robot legs as entering Silicon Valley, and if a proposed art project goes through, said dream will become a reality for budding tech superstars who land in Mineta San Jose International Airport. The $300,000 initiative would see a so-called Space Observer built and showcased prominently in the venue, allowing patrons to walk underneath its two-story-tall body and emit all sorts of “oohs” and “ahhs.” The monolithic space robot would sport three legs and propeller-tipped kinetic camera arms, the latter of which would collect live video to be displayed on embedded monitors within its body. San Jose Public Art Director Barbara Goldstein has already stated that “it won’t follow you anywhere,” but it’s not like she really has the power to control what this obviously sentient creature does / doesn’t do.

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Space Observer to innocently watch you at San Jose’s airport originally appeared on Engadget on Mon, 20 Apr 2009 07:08:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Solaren Corp to supply California with space-based solar power

After JAXA’s announcement of space-based solar power for Japan, we’ve been keeping our eyes peeled for some news of similar projects Stateside. Lo and behold, California’s largest energy utility, Pacific Gas & Electric, has agreed to do just that, inking a deal with solar power startup Solaren Corp. The agreement calls for the utility to purchase 200 megawatts of electricity once the company starts beaming power down from Earth orbit beginning in 2016. A solar-power satellite would consist of mirror arrays — perhaps measuring up to several miles wide — which would focus sunlight onto photoelectric cells. From there, the electrical power is converted into a microwave beam that is directed downward toward Earth, where it’s converted back into electricity and then fed into the grid. According to the company, the system could generate roughly 1.2 to 4.8 gigawatts of power, at a price comparable to that of other renewable energy sources. When asked for a comment, legendary sci-fi jazz composer Sun Ra was more than enthusiastic. “Space is the place,” he said.

[Via Fresno Bee]

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Solaren Corp to supply California with space-based solar power originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 15 Apr 2009 11:17:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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NASA to Bring Ethernet into Deep Space

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NASA has signed an agreement with TTTech, a German Ethernet vendor, to construct “highly fault-tolerant networks for space-based applications,” according to NetworkWorld. TTTech builds a series of time-triggered products called TTEthernet that sits on top of standard IEEE802.3 Ethernet, the report said. The goal is to enable reliable, synchronous, embedded computing and networking, and be tolerant of multiple faults, according to the company.

Essentially, the goal is to be able to send critical data back and forth into space without having to worry about network congestion or dropouts. In fact, NASA already uses some of the technology in its Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (pictured). The report said that ultimately, NASA and TTTech will collaborate on space network standards that will lead to an open
space Ethernet standard–one that’s suitable for deployment with upcoming NASA programs.

Edge of Space Discovered

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For decades, different groups have defined the edge of space–meaning, the barrier between Earth’s atmosphere and outer space–differently. Now scientists have confirmed that the edge of space begins 73 miles (118 kilometers) above Earth’s
surface, by using data
from a new instrument developed at the University of Calgary, according to Space.com.

The backstory is kind of complicated. When man first attained orbit in the late 1950s, a definition of 50 miles above the surface was used. Today, many in the space industry–including the Federation
Aeronautique Internationale (FAI), which sets aeronautical standards–defines the limit as 62 miles. For example, that’s what the Ansari X-Prize used for its $10 million reusable spacecraft competition. Meanwhile, NASA sets 76 miles as the re-entry point where the shuttle shifts from steering with thrusters to air surfaces.

Super Pressure Balloon NASAs Greatest Mission Ever? Madness!

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In an upset of astronomical proportions, the Super Pressure Balloon (SPB) project soared through a field of 64 entries to be voted NASA’s “Greatest Mission of All Time,” in the space program’s Mission Madness tournament, modeled on NCAA “March Madness.” In the final round, completed late Tuesday, SPB beat out the venerable and groundbreaking SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) by a 54-46% margin.

SPB employs new technology to add longevity and stability to balloon-borne scientific missions (see my description below, based on a discussion with SPB’s technical director). It provides important cost savings in lofting payloads to the edge of space that otherwise would have to be borne by orbiting satellites. But I’m flabbergasted that this development-stage project was voted NASA’s greatest mission ever, particularly as I have yet to meet anyone outside of NASA who had even heard of SPB before this contest.

Cosmic Hand Surprises Astronomers

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In a new image from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, high-energy X-rays emanating from the nebula
around a known pulsar, when colored blue, unveil a structure that resembles a “hand reaching for some eternal red cosmic light,” according to Space.com.

Sometime in the distant past, pulsar PSR B1509-58 was a star that ran out of energy and collapsed into a sphere just 12 miles in diameter. Today, the star now spins at the high rate of seven times per second. In the process, it spits out energy into space that sometimes falls into a pattern, such as the one shown above.

The report said that the pulsar in question is about 150 light years across and 17,000 light years away. That means we’re now seeing it as it actually looked 17,000 years ago, because that’s how long it took the light to reach us Earthlings.

Scientists Create Black Hole Video Demo

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Ever wonder what it would look like to get sucked into a black hole in space? Me neither, but scientists have developed a computer simulation that shows what you would see if you were drifting toward a brain-crushing singularity, according to New Scientist.

Two scientists at the University of Colorado in Boulder wrote code based on the equations of Einstein’s general theory of
relativity, which describes gravity as a distortion of space and time, the article said. “They follow the fate of an imaginary observer on an orbit that swoops
down into a giant black hole weighing five million times the mass of the
sun, about the same size as the hole in the center of our own galaxy.”

The report said that the research could eventually help physicists understand what happens to matter and energy in a black hole. For the rest of us, it’s pretty cool to watch. Follow the link to see a short (45-second) video of the sequence, as light from other stars near the hole is swallowed up by the event horizon (the point at which nothing can escape the black hole).